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186.crafty
SPEC CPU2000 Benchmark Description File


Benchmark Name

186.crafty


Benchmark Author

Robert Hyatt, hyatt@cis.uab.edu


Benchmark Program General Category

Game playing program (plays chess)


Benchmark Description

Crafty is a high-performance Computer Chess program that is designed around a 64-bit word. It runs on 32 bit machines using the "long long" (or similar, as _int64 in Microsoft C) data type. It is primarily an integer code, with a significant number of logical operations such as and, or, exclusive or and shift. It can be configured to run a reproducible set of searches to compare the integer/branch prediction/pipe-lining facilities of a processor.


Input Description

The reference input solves 5 different chess board layouts, with varying "depths" to which it will search the tree of possible moves, for the next move.


Output Description

The output consists of the set of moves possible at each level of the tree of possible moves, upto the maximum depth as set by the input parameter. At each level, the best possible move is selected to begin the search at the next level.


Programming Language

Crafty is written in ANSI C.


Known portability issues

186.crafty is based on a 64-bit variable. On 32-bit systems, this is usually defined as "long long", which is an extension to ANSI C.

The following sets of defines need to be defined or undefined for 186.crafty, based on the nature of your system:

  • LONG_HAS_64BITS -- if the data type "long [int]" is represented in 64 bits, either as the compiler's default option or by an appropriate switch(e.g. -Klp64)
  • HAS_LONGLONG -- if the C compilation system supports the data type "long long"(which is an extension to ANSI C) and represents data of this type with 64 bits
  • LITTLE_ENDIAN_ARCH -- if the machine stores bytes in "PC" order
  • UNIX -- if the system is unix-based

chess.h has ready-made combinations of defines and undefines for several common platforms.


Reference

http://www.cis.uab.edu/info/faculty/hyatt/hyatt.html

Papers

  1. Lewis I. Patterson, Robert M. Hyatt, Richard S. Turner, Kevin D. Reilly, "Development of a Crash-Tolerant Tuple-Space", presented at the FSU/SCRI Cluster Computing Workshop, available via anonymous FTP from SCRI (SCRI hosts this workshop annually and distributes the proceedings via anonymous FTP.)
  2. Robert M. Hyatt, Lewis I. Patterson, Richard S. Turner, Kevin D. Reilly, "Tuple-Space - Future Research Plans", presented at the FSU/ SCRI Cluster Computing Workshop, available via anonymous FTP from SCRI.
  3. Robert M. Hyatt, Richard S. Turner, Lewis I. Patterson, Kevin D. Reilly, "Distributed Discrete Event Simulation - Design, Implementation and Use," Proceedings of SimTec '92, (159-165).
  4. Robert M. Hyatt and Harry L. Nelson, "Chess and Supercomputers, details on optimizing Cray Blitz", proceedings of Supercomputing '90 in New York (354-363).
  5. Robert M. Hyatt, Harry L. Nelson, Albert E. Gower, "Cray Blitz", in Computers, Chess, and Cognition , Springer-Verlag, 1990, (111-130).
  6. Robert M. Hyatt, Bruce W. Suter, and Harry Nelson, "A Parallel Alpha/Beta Tree Searching Al", Parallel Computing 10 (1989) (299-308).
  7. Robert M. Hyatt, "A High-Performance Parallel Algorithm to Search Depth-First Game Trees," Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1988.
  8. Harry Nelson and Robert M. Hyatt, "The Cray Blitz Draw Heuristic", Journal of the International Computer Chess Association (ICCA)". vol 11, number 1, March 1988 (3-9)
  9. R. Hyatt, H. Nelson, A. Gower, "Cray Blitz - 1984 Chess Champion", Telematics and Informatics (2) (4), Pergammon Press Ltd. (1986) (299-305).
  10. Hyatt, R.M., Gower, A.E., Nelson, H.L., "Cray Blitz", Advances in Computer Chess 4, Pergammon Press, 1985 (89-106).

Last updated: 6 October 1999